Removal or bypass of separated instruments

– Primary treatment and re-treatment: the main tasks and differences

– Causes of file failure in the root canals:

- Torsion stress

- Cyclic fatigue

- Canal geometry.

– Tools for removing broken files

– Removal or bypass: criteria for choosing a treatment method

– File Bypass protocol:

- Formation of access

- Root canal preparation

- Obturation.

– Step-by-step protocol for removing a broken file:

- Using ultrasound

- Using the extractor.

– Difficulties of removing silver pins

– File removal systems:

- Terauchi®

- Endocowboy®.

Recommended for: Pediatric dentists, Endodontists, Restorers, General dentists.